Isolation and diagnosis and Testing of susceptibility of microorganisms isolate from blood stains at crime scenes to antibiotic.

Abstract

Background:
Blood is one of the most common biological fluids found at crime scenes and a rich source of DNA. It can be collected in dried form or as stains on various surfaces. The human body contains both human and microbial components, and microbes play essential roles in health and disease. Advances in molecular biology have enabled detailed study of these microbial communities, including through the Human Microbiome Project.

Objectives:
This study aimed to identify bacterial species present in bloodstains from various crime scene surfaces and evaluate their forensic significance and potential health risks.

Materials and Methods:
Fifty bloodstain samples were collected from ten simulated crime scenes. The stains were found on surfaces including dirt floors, cement walls, clothing, knives, guns, beds, corpses (left 24 hours and 2 days), iron doors, and broken glass. Bacterial identification was carried out using culture techniques, biochemical testing, and the VITEK-2 system.

Results:
Acinetobacter spp. made up 50% of the isolates, found on dirt floors, clothing, knives, guns, and corpses left 24 hours. Pseudomonas aeruginosa accounted for 20% of isolates, from cement walls and beds. Staphylococcus aureus (20%) was found on corpses left for two days and iron doors. Proteus mirabilis (10%) was isolated from broken glass. Many Acinetobacter spp. isolates were resistant to multiple antibiotics.

Conclusion:
The presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in bloodstains, especially Acinetobacter spp., highlights the potential risk to forensic personnel and the importance of microbial profiling in crime scene investigations.