Biological Characteristics and chemical GC-mass analysis for Agaricus bisporus

Abstract

Many mushrooms contain bioactive compounds that have antioxidant, antibacterial, and anticancer properties. These characteristics make them crucial for usage in the food, beauty, and pharmaceutical industries. As a result, mushrooms are regarded as highly valuable resources with significant promise in agriculture, biotechnology, and medicine.

                A total of 37 substances, including unsaturated fatty acids, phenolic derivatives, alkaloids, terpenoids, steroids, and carbohydrate precursors, were found in the extract of ethanol of A. bisporus pin head based on the GC-MS-TIC spectrum data. These chemicals are crucial to the pharmaceutical industry. Maximum levels of unsaturated fatty acids, such as octadec-9-enoic acid, and slight amounts of steroids. The current study's GC-MS analysis showed the existence of volatile chemicals, mostly characterized by fatty acids and their ester, along with other non-polar and volatile molecules that contribute to the chemistry of the scent in these mushrooms genera. Additionally, GC-MS evaluation of milky mushrooms in dried form was conducted. The results showed that milky mushrooms consist of a lot of volatile ingredients and phenolics that are powerful antioxidants, as well as higher amounts of ergosterol, which confirms an abundance of antioxidants and anticancer biomolecules.        

                This study examined the antibacterial efficacy of an ethanol extract of Agaricus species using three gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aerugenosa) and two gram-negative bacteria (Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus aureus). The antibacterial effect of ethanol extract of Agaricus bisporus(10mg/ml) for gram negative bacterial strain (E coli and Pseudomonas aerugenosa) respectively was (13.34, 13.30, 13.0)mm, and  (12.98, 12.94, 12.96)mm, while antibacterial effect of ethanol extract of Agaricus bisporus(10mg/ml) for gram positive bacterial strain (Streptococcus mutants and Staphylococcus aurous) respectively (9.69, 9.75, 9.72)mm and (10.45, 10.41, 10.44)mm.