Spectrophotometric Determination of Ag(I) in (Al mishkhab river) Using a New chalcone-azo Reagent as Derivative of 4,5-diphenylimidazole

Abstract

            In this study, the rapid investigation of silver ion (Ag(I)) was applied using 4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-((Z)-(4-((Z)-3-(4-nitrophenyl) acryloyl) phenyl) diazenyl)-5-(4-(oxo-λ6-methyl) phenyl)-1H-imidazole.

This compound was synthesized by mixing a diazonium salt solution of (E)-1-(4-aminophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl) prop-2-en-1-one with 4,5-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-1H-imidazole (chalcone-azo reagent). The reagent and prepared complex were characterized using spectroscopies: ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), and mass. This research proposes a specific spectrophotometric technique for the analysis. The interaction between the chalcone-azo reagent and Ag(I) occurs instantaneously at pH 7. The absorbance of the solution remains stable for ≥ 24 hours. This technique determines the silver levels ranging from 5 to 40 μg. mL^-1, a molar absorptivity ζ of 4.85 × 10³ L. mol^-1. cm^-1. The proposed method for estimating Ag(I) was applied to the sediments of the Al-Mishkhab River in the Al-Najaf governorate, achieving a determination error of no more than 1%.